含义题

1. 出题特点

含义题主要考查词义猜测题和句意理解题，其中词义猜测题考查居多，题干中常见the underlined word / phrase possibly mean / closest in meaning to等字眼。

2. 解题技巧

(1)回原文阅读原句。根据题干提示，找出原文对应语句。

(2)将选项代入原文。四个选项依次代入，结合语境做猜测，进行判断。

*另：除了常规的代入法外，

a. 标点符号法——冒号、破折号、括号，后面经常有关于前面内容的解释。

b. 逻辑关系法。利用结构猜词法：并列平行结构;比较结构;因果关系;转折关系;指代关系。

c. 词根、词缀法。如根据表示否定的前缀后缀，或词根含义进行猜测。

知识精练

From industrial beginnings in the nineteenth century, plastics have struggled through a hundred and twenty years of glory, failure, disrepute, and suspicion on the slow road to public acceptance. Now at last, one can positively say that plastics are appreciated and enjoyed for what they are; that they make modern life richer, more comfortable and convenient, and also more fun. Plastics are warm materials, sympathetic to the human touch, and their transformation into things that come into contact with human beings is entirely appropriate.

Q: The word “sympathetic” in the last sentence of the second paragraph is closest to ______.

A. favorable B. pitiable C. easy D. harmless

【答案】A。解析：词义猜测题。题干：第二段最后一句话中的sympathetic与下列哪个单词意思最为接近?“sympathetic”这个单词一般情况下被理解成“表示同情的”，但是这篇文章主要讨论塑料的作用，与情感无关，所以首先排除B项。“Plastics are warm materials, sympathetic to the human touch”，本句中前提是“塑料是暖性材料”，只有A项才符合这个前提。故选A。