Passage 3

Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings.

Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.

It is easy to show that intelligence is something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people is, the closer they are in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will possibly be as intelligent as each other. Relatives like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.

Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also proved by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.

31.Which of these statements best describes the writer’s view in Paragraph 1?

A. To some extent, intelligence is given at birth.

B. Intelligence is developed by the environment.

C. Some people are born clever and others are born stupid.

D. Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.

32.In Paragraph 1, the underlined word “surroundings” means ______.

A. intelligence B. life C. environments D. housing

33.It is suggested in this passage that ______.

A. unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligence

B. close relatives usually have similar intelligence

C. the closer the blood relationship between people is, the more different they are likely to be in intelligence

D. people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence

34.People who live in close contact ______.

A. will have the same character

B. won’t get along well with each other

C. are hardly to be influenced

D. may have similar intelligence

35.The best title for this passage would be ______.

A. On Intelligence B. What Intelligence Means

C. We Are Born With Intelligence D. Environment In Developing Intelligence

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