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1.【答案】B。解析：细节题。由题干句意：为什么Elizabeth Blackwell不能实现她成为外科医生的梦想?可定位到原文第二段第二句She wanted to be a surgeon, but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.故答案选B。

2.【答案】D。解析：细节题。由题干句意：是什么障碍几乎摧毁了伊丽莎白成为一名医生的机会?可定位到原文第三段第一句Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman.故答案选D。

3.【答案】D。解析：细节题。题干句意：从医学院毕业到她开设自己的医院经历了多少年?由第二段第一句In 1849, after graduation from medical school...可知Elizabeth于1849年从医学院毕业，由第三段第二句By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital...可知Elizabeth于1857年开设了自己的医院。从1849年到1857年共经历了八年，故答案选D。

4.【答案】C。解析：细节题。由第三段第二句By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children.可知选项B正确。由第三段最后一句Besides being the first woman physician..., she also set up the first medical school for women.可知选项A、D正确。选项C在原文中没有提及，故答案选C。

5.【答案】B。解析：推断题。题干句意：Elizabeth一生的大部分时间都在_______度过。由原文第一段第一句...and moved to New York City when she was ten years old.，第一段倒数第二句...she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia.，第二段第一句In 1849, after graduation from medical school, she decided to further her education in Paris.和第三段第一句Upon returning to the United States... 可知，Elizabeth从十岁移民到纽约，之后在费城上医学院，医学院毕业后去巴黎进一步进修，进修完后又回到美国，在美国开设了自己的医院及女子医学院。由此可以推断出Elizabeth的大部分时间都在美国度过。

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